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Consequently, students with good writing skills have an advantage over students who have difficulty expressing themselves through writing.Įssays do not teach a student how to write but they can emphasize the importance of being able to communicate through writing. Writing skills do affect a student's ability to communicate the correct "factual" information through an essay response. For example, a professional item writer produces only 9-10 good multiple-choice items in a day's time.Īccording to research findings it is still undetermined whether or not essay tests require or facilitate more thorough (or even different) student study preparation. Technically correct and content appropriate multiple-choice and true-false test items require an extensive amount of time to write and revise. Essay and objective exams are both good ways to evaluate a student's level of knowledge.Įssay items are generally easier and less time consuming to construct than are most objective test items. Essay and objective exams can be used to measure the same content or ability.ĩ. Essay exams limit the extent of content covered.Ĩ. Objective exams encourage guessing more so than essay exams.ħ. Essay exams are more subjective in nature than are objective exams.Ħ. Essay exams teach a person how to write.ĥ. Essay exams require writing skills where objective exams do not.Ĥ. Essay exams require more thorough student preparation and study time than objective exams.ģ. Essay exams are easier to construct than objective exams.Ģ. To begin out discussion of the relative merits of each type of test item, test your knowledge of these two item types by answering the following questions. For some instructional purposes one or the other item types may prove more efficient and appropriate. ![]() ![]() Objective items include multiple-choice, true-false, matching and completion, while subjective items include short-answer essay, extended-response essay, problem solving and performance test items. There are two general categories of test items: (1) objective items which require students to select the correct response from several alternatives or to supply a word or short phrase to answer a question or complete a statement and (2) subjective or essay items which permit the student to organize and present an original answer. Choosing Between Objective and Subjective Test Items Hailstones can be very dangerous if they are large, and they can damage cars, houses and heads even if they are just a couple of inches in diameter.I. Eventually the ice-now called a hailstone-gets too heavy for the updraft to blow it back into the top of the cloud, and it falls to earth. ![]() Each time the ice gets caught in the updraft and returns to the frozen part of the cloud, a little more water freezes onto it and it gets bigger and heavier. This time a new thin layer of rain freezes onto the ice. Hail starts out as rain that gets caught in the updrafts and blown into the freezing part of the cloud, freezes into ice, begins to fall to earth, gets wet again, gets caught again in the updraft, and goes back to the freezing part of the cloud. Two things are needed for hail to form: Strong updrafts inside the cloud (an updraft is when wind blows upwards, away from the earth) and freezing temperatures in the upper part of the cloud. ![]() Hail is made inside thunderclouds-not all thunderclouds, though.
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